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The act of mind reading is something usually reserved for science-fiction movies but researchers in America have used a technique, usually associated with identifying epilepsy, for the first time to show that a computer can listen to our thoughts. In a new study, scientists from Washington University demonstrated that humans can control a cursor on a computer screen using words spoken out loud and in their head, holding huge applications for patients who may have lost their speech through brain injury or disabled patients with limited movement.

By directly connecting the patient's brain to a computer, the researchers showed that the computer could be controlled with up to 90% accuracy even when no prior training was given.

The study, published Thursday 7 April, in IOP Publishing's Journal of Neural Engineering, involves a technique called electrocortiography (ECoG) — the placing of electrodes directly onto a patient's brain to record electrical activity — which has previously been used to identify regions of the brain that cause epilepsy and has led to effective treatments.

More recently, the process of ECoG has been applied to brain–computer interfaces (BCI) which aim to assist or repair brain functions and have already been used to restore the sight of one patient and stimulate limb movement in others.

During the trials, the electrodes placed on the patient's brain would emit signals which were acquired, processed, and stored on a computer.

The trials involved the patients sitting in front of a screen and trying to move a cursor toward a target using pre-defined words that were associated with specific directions. For instance, saying or thinking of the word "AH" would move the cursor right.
Published: Wednesday, April 6, 2011 - 21:32 in Psychology & Sociology